As an important data selection schema, active learning emerges as the essential component when iterating an Artificial Intelligence (AI) model. It becomes even more critical given the dominance of deep neural network based models, which are composed of a large number of parameters and data hungry, in application. Despite its indispensable role for developing AI models, research on active learning is not as intensive as other research directions. In this paper, we present a review of active learning through deep active learning approaches from the following perspectives: 1) technical advancements in active learning, 2) applications of active learning in computer vision, 3) industrial systems leveraging or with potential to leverage active learning for data iteration, 4) current limitations and future research directions. We expect this paper to clarify the significance of active learning in a modern AI model manufacturing process and to bring additional research attention to active learning. By addressing data automation challenges and coping with automated machine learning systems, active learning will facilitate democratization of AI technologies by boosting model production at scale.

主动学习是自动化机器学习系统的重要技术。与旨在自动化神经网络体系结构设计的神经体系结构搜索（NAS）相反，主动学习旨在自动化培训数据选择。对于训练长尾巴的任务尤其重要，在该任务中，在该任务中，稀疏的样品分布稀疏。主动学习通过逐步培训模型，以有效的数据选择来减轻昂贵的数据注释问题。它没有注释所有未标记的样本，而是迭代选择并注释最有价值的样本。主动学习在图像分类中很受欢迎，但在对象检测中尚未得到充分探索。当前的大多数对象检测方法都通过不同的设置进行评估，因此很难公平地比较其性能。为了促进该领域的研究，本文贡献了一个活跃的学习基准框架，称为Albench，用于评估对象检测中的主动学习。该Albench框架在自动深层模型训练系统上开发，易于使用，与不同的主动学习算法兼容，并确保使用相同的培训和测试协议。我们希望这种自动化的基准系统能够帮助研究人员轻松复制文学的表现，并与先前的艺术进行客观的比较。该代码将通过GitHub发布。